> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.somnex.xyz/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.somnex.xyz/product-guides/perpetual-trade.md).

# Perpetual Trade

## Perp Trade

Trade perpetual futures on Somnex with up to 50× leverage across 50+ markets. Go long or short without owning the underlying asset, using market/limit/trigger orders and optional take‑profit/stop‑loss.

***Perp trading interface***

<figure><img src="/files/jPKvgECCFpHhW5aR8eAY" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Key concepts

* Collateral & leverage: your collateral (e.g., USDT) backs a larger position size via leverage.
* IMR/MMR: Initial and Maintenance Margin Requirements determine how much equity you need to open and keep positions. IMR = IMF × position notional; MMR = MMF × position notional (per‑market parameters).
* Funding rate: periodic payment between longs and shorts to anchor perp price to spot.
* Borrow fee: hourly fee for borrowed assets from the liquidity pool. Formula: (assets\_borrowed / total\_assets\_in\_pool) × 0.01% per hour.
* Mark price & oracle: the UI shows a mark price from PYTH oracle.

## Order types

* Market: immediate execution at best available price.
* Limit: execute at your chosen price or better.
* Trigger: conditional orders that place when a trigger price is hit.

## Open a position

1. Select a market (e.g., ETH‑USD), choose Long or Short.
2. Pick order type (Market/Limit/Trigger).
3. Enter order size and set leverage with the slider.
4. Optionally set Take Profit / Stop Loss.
5. Confirm the order in your wallet.

## Manage risk

* Track Equity, Margin ratio, and MMR; add collateral or reduce size if margin gets tight.
* Mind funding and borrow fees—high utilization increases borrow fee.
* Use stop losses; avoid maxing leverage in volatile markets.

## Fees

• Trading fee (fixed): small percentage on open/close.

• Funding rate (dynamic): paid between longs and shorts.

• Borrow fee (dynamic): (assets\_borrowed / total\_assets\_in\_pool) × 0.01% per hour.

Example: If 40% of a pool is borrowed → 0.40 × 0.01% = 0.004% per hour (\~0.096% per 24h).

## Liquidation

Somnex applies risk parameters per market to protect traders and liquidity providers.

## Key definitions

* Initial Margin Requirement (IMR): IMR = IMF × position\_notional.
* Initial Margin Fraction (IMF): % set per market/asset class.
* Maintenance Margin Requirement (MMR): MMR = MMF × position\_notional.
* Maintenance Margin Fraction (MMF): % set per market/asset class.
* Equity Value: unrealized PnL + unrealized fees (funding, borrow, open/close, liquidation) + collateral value.
* Collateral Value: Σ(collateral amounts × price × LTV).

## Liquidation condition

A position becomes eligible for liquidation when Equity Value ≤ MMR. The platform may partially or fully reduce the position to restore margin health.